Published Research on Chewing Gum & Xylitol

Oral

Effect of xylitol on cariogenic and beneficial oral streptococci: a randomized, double-blind crossover trial https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3434645/ 

Xylitol chewing gums and caries rates: a 40-month cohort study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8600188/ 

Long-term effect of xylitol chewing gum in the prevention of dental caries: a follow-up 5 years after termination of a prevention program https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8281565/ 

Effects of nine different chewing-gums and lozenges on salivary flow rate and pH https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1628291/ 

The role of salivary contents and modern technologies in the remineralization of dental enamel: a narrative review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076334/ 

Xylitol, an Anticaries Agent, Exhibits Potent Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses in Human THP-1-Derived Macrophages Infected With Porphyromonas gingivalis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4775082/ 

Chewing gum--facts and fiction: a review of gum-chewing and oral health https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10759416/ 

Sugar-free chewing gum and dental caries: a systematic review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19089107/ 

Salivary flow patterns and the health of hard and soft oral tissues https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18460676/ 

In vitro remineralisation of eroded enamel lesions by saliva https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11472810/ 

History of frequent gum chewing is associated with higher unstimulated salivary flow rate and lower caries severity in healthy Chinese adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22813956/ 

Effects of xylitol-containing chewing gum on the oral microbiota https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30429438/ 

Effect of Chewing Xylitol Containing and Herbal Chewing Gums on Salivary Mutans Streptococcus Count among School Children https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26097673/ 

Xylitol, mutans streptococci, and dental plaque https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19717413/ 

The effect of xylitol on dental caries and oral flora https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232036/ 

Effects of xylitol chewing gum and candies on the accumulation of dental plaque: a systematic review https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00784-021-04225-8 

Halitosis: From diagnosis to management https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3633265/ 

Effects of gum chewing training on oral function in normal adults: Part 1 investigation of perioral muscle pressure https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6445978/ 

Effects of gum chewing exercise on maximum bite force according to facial morphology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5893462/ 

Neurological

Effects of chewing gum on the stress and work of university students https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22402304/

Effects of chewing gum on stress and health: a replication and investigation of dose-response https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22496105/

Chewing gum and stress reduction https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410656/ 

CHEWING AS A TECHNIQUE OF RELAXATION - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17776097/ 

The role of time on task performance in modifying the effects of gum chewing on attention https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21192998/ 

Chewing and attention: a positive effect on sustained attention https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26075234/ 

Chewing gum: cognitive performance, mood, well-being, and associated physiology https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26075253/ 

Chewing gum alleviates negative mood and reduces cortisol during acute laboratory psychological stress https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19268676/ 

Gum Chewing Inhibits the Sensory Processing and the Propagation of Stress-Related Information in a Brain Network https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3616056/ 

Prolonged rhythmic gum chewing suppresses nociceptive response via serotonergic descending inhibitory pathway in humans https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202533/ 

Effects of chewing gum and time-on-task on alertness and attention https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22583804/ 

Effects of chewing gum on cognitive function, mood and physiology in stressed and non-stressed volunteers https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20132649/ 

The effect of chewing gum on physiological and self-rated measures of alertness and daytime sleepiness https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031938411005087#:~:text=%5B4%5D%20reported%20higher%20self%2D,alertness%20accentuation%20are%20mirrored%20physiologically

Gut

Gut microflora interactions with xylitol in the mouse, rat and man https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4076932/ 

Saliva and gastrointestinal functions of taste, mastication, swallowing and digestion https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.02851.x 

Effects of chewing gum on short-term appetite regulation in moderately restrained eaters https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21718732/ 

Effects of chewing on appetite, food intake and gut hormones: A systematic review and meta-analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26188140/ 

The effect of gum chewing on blood GLP-1 concentration in fasted, healthy, non-obese men https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25758865/ 

Short-term effects of chewing gum on satiety and afternoon snack intake in healthy weight and obese women https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26948161/ 

Chewing Stimulation Reduces Appetite Ratings and Attentional Bias toward Visual Food Stimuli in Healthy-Weight Individuals https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5809478/ 

The effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastro-esophageal reflux https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16246942/ 

Chewing gum for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a pilot randomized controlled trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28039245/ 

All Others

Gum chewing enhances early recovery from postoperative ileus after laparoscopic colectomy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12113542/ 

Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5859128/ 

The Vagus Nerve at the Interface of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29467611/ 

Randomized clinical trial of the effect of gum chewing on postoperative ileus and inflammation in colorectal surgery https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25524125/ 

Want to block earworms from conscious awareness? B(u)y gum! https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17470218.2015.1034142?journalCode=pqje20 

A systematic review on the effect of sweeteners on glycemic response and clinically relevant outcomes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3286380/ 

Effects of oral xylitol administration on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normal subjects https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1184175/ 

Xylitol Inhibits Inflammatory Cytokine Expression Induced by Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287760/ 

Xylitol chewing gum in prevention of acute otitis media: double blind randomised trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8916749/#:~:text=Results%3A%20During%20the%20two%20month,17.0%25%3B%20P%20%3D%200.04). 

Antifungal Activity of Xylitol against Candida albicans: An in vitro Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29422459/