Published Research on Chewing Gum & Xylitol
Oral
Effect of xylitol on cariogenic and beneficial oral streptococci: a randomized, double-blind crossover trial https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3434645/
Xylitol chewing gums and caries rates: a 40-month cohort study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8600188/
Long-term effect of xylitol chewing gum in the prevention of dental caries: a follow-up 5 years after termination of a prevention program https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8281565/
Effects of nine different chewing-gums and lozenges on salivary flow rate and pH https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1628291/
The role of salivary contents and modern technologies in the remineralization of dental enamel: a narrative review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076334/
Xylitol, an Anticaries Agent, Exhibits Potent Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses in Human THP-1-Derived Macrophages Infected With Porphyromonas gingivalis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4775082/
Chewing gum--facts and fiction: a review of gum-chewing and oral health https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10759416/
Sugar-free chewing gum and dental caries: a systematic review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19089107/
Salivary flow patterns and the health of hard and soft oral tissues https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18460676/
In vitro remineralisation of eroded enamel lesions by saliva https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11472810/
History of frequent gum chewing is associated with higher unstimulated salivary flow rate and lower caries severity in healthy Chinese adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22813956/
Effects of xylitol-containing chewing gum on the oral microbiota https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30429438/
Effect of Chewing Xylitol Containing and Herbal Chewing Gums on Salivary Mutans Streptococcus Count among School Children https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26097673/
Xylitol, mutans streptococci, and dental plaque https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19717413/
The effect of xylitol on dental caries and oral flora https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232036/
Effects of xylitol chewing gum and candies on the accumulation of dental plaque: a systematic review https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00784-021-04225-8
Halitosis: From diagnosis to management https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3633265/
Effects of gum chewing training on oral function in normal adults: Part 1 investigation of perioral muscle pressure https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6445978/
Effects of gum chewing exercise on maximum bite force according to facial morphology https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5893462/
Neurological
Effects of chewing gum on the stress and work of university students https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22402304/
Effects of chewing gum on stress and health: a replication and investigation of dose-response https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22496105/
Chewing gum and stress reduction https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410656/
CHEWING AS A TECHNIQUE OF RELAXATION - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17776097/
The role of time on task performance in modifying the effects of gum chewing on attention https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21192998/
Chewing and attention: a positive effect on sustained attention https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26075234/
Chewing gum: cognitive performance, mood, well-being, and associated physiology https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26075253/
Chewing gum alleviates negative mood and reduces cortisol during acute laboratory psychological stress https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19268676/
Gum Chewing Inhibits the Sensory Processing and the Propagation of Stress-Related Information in a Brain Network https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3616056/
Prolonged rhythmic gum chewing suppresses nociceptive response via serotonergic descending inhibitory pathway in humans https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16202533/
Effects of chewing gum and time-on-task on alertness and attention https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22583804/
Effects of chewing gum on cognitive function, mood and physiology in stressed and non-stressed volunteers https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20132649/
The effect of chewing gum on physiological and self-rated measures of alertness and daytime sleepiness https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031938411005087#:~:text=%5B4%5D%20reported%20higher%20self%2D,alertness%20accentuation%20are%20mirrored%20physiologically.
Gut
Gut microflora interactions with xylitol in the mouse, rat and man https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4076932/
Saliva and gastrointestinal functions of taste, mastication, swallowing and digestion https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.02851.x
Effects of chewing gum on short-term appetite regulation in moderately restrained eaters https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21718732/
Effects of chewing on appetite, food intake and gut hormones: A systematic review and meta-analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26188140/
The effect of gum chewing on blood GLP-1 concentration in fasted, healthy, non-obese men https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25758865/
Short-term effects of chewing gum on satiety and afternoon snack intake in healthy weight and obese women https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26948161/
Chewing Stimulation Reduces Appetite Ratings and Attentional Bias toward Visual Food Stimuli in Healthy-Weight Individuals https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5809478/
The effect of chewing sugar-free gum on gastro-esophageal reflux https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16246942/
Chewing gum for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a pilot randomized controlled trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28039245/
All Others
Gum chewing enhances early recovery from postoperative ileus after laparoscopic colectomy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12113542/
Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5859128/
The Vagus Nerve at the Interface of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29467611/
Randomized clinical trial of the effect of gum chewing on postoperative ileus and inflammation in colorectal surgery https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25524125/
Want to block earworms from conscious awareness? B(u)y gum! https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17470218.2015.1034142?journalCode=pqje20
A systematic review on the effect of sweeteners on glycemic response and clinically relevant outcomes https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3286380/
Effects of oral xylitol administration on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normal subjects https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1184175/
Xylitol Inhibits Inflammatory Cytokine Expression Induced by Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287760/
Xylitol chewing gum in prevention of acute otitis media: double blind randomised trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8916749/#:~:text=Results%3A%20During%20the%20two%20month,17.0%25%3B%20P%20%3D%200.04).
Antifungal Activity of Xylitol against Candida albicans: An in vitro Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29422459/